Vehicle-wheel rim.



J. H. WAGENHORSY.

VEHICLE WHEEL mM.

f-PPLICATION FILM) SU` 2L` 1912` l. H. 'V\'!\GEf\vH'RSTA VEHICLE WHEELRIM,

PLCATIoN HM' SEPT 234 19|," 1,201`1 1 Patented (M. 10, 1916.

IOSHEETS-SHEET 2 L H. WAGENHORST.

VEHCLE WHEEL RIM.

LfPLicATmN FILED SEPT. 2a 191 Putemed Ovt 10, 1916.

J. H. WAENHOHSY.

VEHICLE WHEEL RIM.

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ENIGH Fi C3118.

Patented Ovt. 10, 1916.

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VEHICLE WHEEL RIM.

APPLICAUON FILED SEPT. 2s` 1912.

l 201 1 1 9 Patented Oct. 10, 19116 1o SHEETS-SHEET z.

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2 226' 4l 4l 23A VEH CLE WHEEL RIM.

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l. H. WAGENHOHST. VEHICLE WHEEL RIM. APPLICATION man SEPT. 2B, 1912..

Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

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010 @Ji 7 00 TM f 3 f/ 3 3, 3 l/ R t., w G 2 y T F 3 w M EEE, 2E EE, f 3d l .m W 3 i@ m G 1mm 2 lll. f w T 1mm 0. M 5. m5 .w 3 .E G m w 3 No ya.I w 9,. 3 w w F Patented Oct. 10, 1916.

J. H. WAGENHORST. VEHICLE WHEEL RIM, APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2s, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATENT o'iiion.Av

y JAMES' H. 'wAGENHoRsT, or AKRON, cino, AssiGNoii, MEsNE ASSIGNMENTS,or

TWOFFTHS TO THE B. F. GOODRICH COMPANY, 0F YORK, N. Y., A CORPORA 'rIoNor NEW YORK, ONE-FIFTH To THE GOODYEAR TIR-E at RUBBER COMPANY, or..AKRON, OHIO, A CORPORATION or OHIO, AND ONE-FIFTH To THE UNITED STATESCOMPANY, oF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION (iE-NEW YORK.V

VEHICLE-WHEEL RIM Be it known that I, JAMES H. WAGEN- -f'iioiis'n acitizen-.of the United States, residing in the cityof Aki-on, county ofSummit,

and State of Ohio., have invented certain `new 'andusef'u'lfIinprovements in Vehicle- Wheel Rims', of which the` followingis a 2o f W "already inflated lpneumatic tire.

specification.

v- This invention relates to improvements in vehicle wheel rims of theclass designed to lcarry pneumatic or other resilienty tires. It relatesparticularly to whatiaie known asdeniountable rims, in which a removabletire-carrying -riiii is provided which ,may be quickly attached to ordetached from the 4wheel. while,E carrying the resilient tire. z .W'itfhifti-re-ca` r .structures it is possible to `remove vying' rimV witlivapneumatic tire thereon ironia wheel and replace it'qiiiclcly and easilyAwitha'duplicate rim carrying an 'It 'hasheijetofore been proposed to'utilize a transversely-'split,'tire-earrying rim which may be placedupon thepwliel periphery by 25- VA Vfreely tliereover-andthenflockedupon theA being expanded in diameter, A so as lto slip 'while onthewheel-to periiiit'its removal therefrom, the means being of such naturethat the expanded rim can be removed from 40 the wheel and its-ends thenreadily Separated to facilitate the application of the tire to or itsVremoval from the tjre-carrying rim. ln

accordance with my invention also, the

means provided 'for holding the rim contracted upon 'thevheel are"preferably of such a nature that the eiidsof the split* rim arepositively locked to portions of the wheel itself, so that the tensionin the rim is transmitted directly to the wheel. It will thus be seenthat auxiliary connectingrmeans, suoli as screws and. the like, whichhave herctofore-beeii proposed for holding the ends Specification ofLetters Patent.

ot the rim together, are not relied upon ,to withstand the tension intherim Whenrtlie ivlieel is in rapid rotation.

While it is preferablev that all the features above enumerated bepresent in a structure in order to secure all'the benefits' of my in` vention, it is not essential that a construction, in order to possesssome of the advan- 't-ages thereof, need have all of such capabilities.I therefore do not intend to limit Patented oet. 1o, 191e.. Applicationmea september 2a, i312. serial No. marre. l

my invention solely to structures in which all of said features arepresent.

` My invention also contemplates certain improvements in details of thetire-carrying rim and wheel structures, the nature of which will appearfrom the following de` scription.

' In the :iccoiiipanying-.lr drawings. vvwhich forni a part of thisspecification, igure -'is a circumferential vertical sectionthrough aportion of a wheel f-elly, felly band eiiz:lti're'v a carrying "rii'nillustrating "a preferredeni'f bodirnent 'of my invention, the lockingdovice being shown in position tohold the rim contracted upon the'wheel;Fig.- A2^isa trans verse 'section of the structure shown inFiCg.

1, the Wedge beingdraivn down and turned part way around; Fig. 3 is aplan-viewof the under-side of the structure shownfin verse sectionthrough the vfelly, el'ly band' and tire-carrying rim shown in Figs` 1and 2, the section beingtakenetfa point removed from the valve stemandkl'ockng de.

vice, and the tire-carrying rim being shown expanded to permit itsapplication to or renioval from the wheel 'g Fig. 5 is a sinnlar to Fig.1, showing the tire-carrying'riin expanded and removed from the wheel,and

illustrating a: clip which may beeinpl yedV to 'connect the free en d ofthe rim With the vlocking wedge, whereby the latter may be utilized .todisconnect the ends of the rim base, as illustrated in dotted lines;Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1. showing av modified 10G form of myinvention; Fig. 7 `is a transverse sectional view of thestructure shownin Fig.

(i Fig S is aplanfview of the under-side ofr the structure shown in Fig.6, the dust-cap removed; Fig. 9 is a View similar tc- Fig. '6, the Wedgehaving been reversed and operated to expand the rim; Fig. is a viewshowing the expanded rim after it has been removed from the wheel; Fig.11 is a view lsimilar to Fig. 1, showing another modification of myinvention; Fig. 12 is a plan view of the under-side of the structureshown in Fig. 11, the dust-cap Abeing removed; Fig. 13 is a view similarto- Fig. 11 showing the wedge reversed and inserted in position toexpand the rim when the wedge is screwed up; Fig. 14 is a view shov 'ingthe wedge operated to expand the rim, the latter having been removedfrom the wheel; Figs. 15 and 16 are perspective views of the studcarried by the rim and of the loclring wedge, respectively; Fig. .1? isa' view similar to Fig. 1, iliustrat-ing another modification of myinvention; Fig. 1S is a transverse sectional view of the structure shownin Fiff. 17; Fig. 'i9 is a plan view of. the uiide. de o. the structureshown in F ig. 1'?, the dust-cap being removed; 20 is a view of the rimexpanded and removed' from the wheel, the position of the w-lieel beforeremoval being indicated inl dotted lines; Figs. 21' and 22 perspectiveviews of the stud carriedby the end' of the rim and of the lockingwedge, respectively; Fig. 23 isfa view similar to Fig. 1, illustratinganother modification of my invention, this modification being shown asapplied to a wheel having a .metallic felly and vire spokes; Fig. 24 isatransvrse sec 'tional view-ofthe Structure shown in Fig.

23; F ig; 25 is a view of t-lieriin expanded and removed from the wheel,the position of the 'wheel telly before removal being indicated indott-ed lines; Fig. 26 -is-a planview of the under-side of the structureshown in Fig. 23, the dust-cap being' removed; Fig. 27 is a view similarto Fig. 1 of another modification of my invention; Fig. is a view of therim shown in Fig. 27 expanded and removed from the wheel; Fig. 29 is avieu' similar to Fig. 1, showing another modification of my invention;Fig. 30 is a transverse sectional view of the structure shown in Fig.2S); Fig. 31 is a plan view of the under-side of the structure shown inFig. 29, the dustcap being removed; Fig. is a view Ashowii'ig the rimexpanded and re.4 moved from 'the wheel, the position of the wheelbefore removal being indicated in lotted lines; Fig. 33 is a view of therim reA moved from the wheel, the rim being shown contracted as it willappear atte-r a tire has been mounted thereon and prior to its expansionby the locking wedge; Fig. 34 is a perspective view of the lockingrwedge; Fig.

0 35 is acircuinfcrential. vertical sectional view of a. portion of thewheel telly, felly band and box showing one of the guidewvays in theside of the box; Fig. 3G is a view similar to Fig. 1, illustrating:mother modification of my inventiini; Fig. 5517 is a transverseIsectional view of the structure shown in Fig. 36; Fig. 38 is a. planview of the under-side of the structure shown in Fig.- 36, the dustcapbeine removed; Fig. 39 is a. view showing the rim expanded and removedfrom the wheel, the position of the wheel before'ie moval beingindicated iii dotted lines; Fig.

40 is a side elevation of a portion of-ithe i wheel with thetire-carrying `rim mounted thereon, showing the -structure of the tire-Acarrying rim at the lpoint where the same is split, portions of the rimbase being broken away to show theconnections of the ends of the splitflange to the rimbase; Fig. 41 is a view similar to Fig. 1, illustratinganother modification of my invention; Fig. 42 is a view showing lthe rimof Fig. 41 expanded and removed from the wheel; Fig. 43 is a plan viewof the underside ofthe structure shown in Fig. 41; Fig. '44 is aperspective view of vthe wedge-block; Fig. 45" is a view similar to Fig.1, illustrating another modii lication of my invention; Fig. 46 is aView showing the rim of Fig. 45 expandedandremoved from the wheel, theposition of the wheel before removal being indicated in dotted lines;Fig. 47 is a view'similar'to Figi', illustrating another modificationofv my invention; 48 is a 'transverse section on the line XLVIII-XLVIIIof Fig. 47; Fig.

49 is a plan view 'of the under-side ofthe structure shown -in Fig. 47,the dust-capbeing removed; Fig. 50 is Aa vview'sliowing the rim expandedand removed from the'wheel;

Fig. 51 is a 'view' showing the rim removedv from the wheel after itvhas been permitted to contract, the wedge-block being-detached from thefree end ofthe rim; :the wedge-v bloclris shown in -dotted lines rotatedinto such position that it vmay be utilized to disconnect the ends ofthe rim; Fig. 52 is a perspective view of the wedge-block; Fig. 53 is aview similar to Fig l,v illustratingr aixother modification of myinvention; Fig. 54

is a plan view of the under-side of the structure shown in Fig. 5 3, aportion of the wheel p felly and felly band being broken away; Fig. 55is al view showing .the rim expanded and removed from the wheel, the.position of the wheel beforeremovalvbeing indicated in dotted lines;Figj is a transverse sectional view on` the line LVI-LVI 'of Fig. 53.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and

vparticularly to Figs 1 to 5, inclusive, the

iio

5 is the tire-carrying rim which iS 'in one direction.

capable of expansion and contraction, but preferably comprises a rimbase 6 transversely split as indicated at 7 in Figs. l and 3, the rimbase being provided with endless reversible tire-retaining flanges 8.The rim base is provided with integral side flanges for engaging thetire-retaining flanges, these side flanges comprising the outwardlyflared portions 9 and the inwardly hooked edges 10. When a pneumatictire is mounted upon the rim and inflated, it forces the tire-retainingflanges apart and thus causes their edges to ride up the inclined facesof the flange portions 9, this action causing the rim base to becontracted with great force. If the rim base is mounted upon a wheel atthe time it, will becontracted and forcibly clamped thereupon. Thehooked edge portions 10 of' the side flanges engage the inclinedsurfaces of' the dovetail-shaped bases ll of the fireretaining flanges dand vthus prevent the flanges 8 from stretching or slipping over theside flanges on the rim base under the great stresses to which theflanges arc subjected. Fig. '2 shows the rim base contract ed upon thefelly band of the wheel by the pressure of the tire against the endlesstire retaining flanges and directly upon the rim base, while Fig. lshows the rim base eXpa nded. ln order to permit the expansion of' therim base within the enfloss flanges, as shown in Fig. 4, l prefciabl)vdepress side portions 12'ot' the rim base to provide annular (diariHnels. lVhen a rim base of this form is contracted, it will be seen thatits outer surface 13, upon which seat the toes of the ti1ecasing, isapproximately level with the inner surfaces 14 ofthe tire-retainingflanges. The surface of the riin base and the clencher grooves in thetireaetaining flanges thus combine to form a hook-shaped recess of theproper configuration to receive the beads of the tire-casing- The tireis better supperted with such a structure than where the rim base ismadeflat from side to side. thel side flanges being turned up at the edgesof such flat or rather cylindrical portions. as in such a structure thetire-retaining flanges stand away from the tire-seating surface of therim base when the hitter is contracted upon the? wheel. B V depressingthe portions 12 atl the sides of the rim base, a shoulder 15is*p-rovided which is adapted to engage the raised flange at the side ofthe felly band, and thus when the rim-is seated upon the felly bandprevent lateral movement of the same At the other side of tlie\ rim basea rib 16 is preferably rolled to form a seat adapted to engage the seatl at the corresponding side of the, rim base. This rib 1G engages theshoulder 'l i' on the telly ban-'i and "thus prtwcnts lateral movementof the rim in the opposite direction. lt will be seen that the bearingsurfaces I. and fl at the two sides ofthe folly band .f nd thecra-responding bearing surfaces upon the rim are of different diameters,thus facilitating the removal of the rim from the wheel and permittingthe valvesten1 and locking devices to be buttonholed" into their recessin the wheel with a minimum of clearance between the rim and felly band.The felly has a radial opening 18 formed therein, the end walls of whichare preferably protected or reinforced by the inwardly turned portions19 and 20 of the metallic felly bandwhich are punched out to form the cning 2l through the latter, which registers with the opening 1S. Thelower portions of the end walls of the opening 13 are preferablybeveled, as indicated at 22 and for a purpose to be hereinafterdescribed, the ends of the portions 19 and 2() being similarly beveled,as indicated at 24 and 25. The operating or locking devices forexpanding and contracting the rim pass through the registering openings1S and 21, thel valve-ste1n of the tire being preferably, hut notnecessarily, also passed through this opening.

For expanding the rim and holding it eX- panded while it is beingremoved from or placed upon the wheel, and for holding the rimcontracted andlocled upon the wheel, I provide upon one end of the rimbase an abutment, and upon the other end of the rim base a wedging dcvice adapted to coact with said abutment to expand the rim and hold itexpanded, the wedging device being also capable of coacting with a fixedportion of the wheel to hold the rim contracted when mounted upon thewheel. 1n 'the form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive,the means used for this purpose comprise a plate 3() permanentlyattached to the end of the rim base at one side of the split therein, aportion of this plate preferaby projecting across the split and underthe opposite end of the rim base, so as to hold the ends in alinenient.The end portion of the plate 30 bent down to form an abutincnt 3ladapted to seat against the down- \\i'ardly bent portion 19 of the fellyband. The abi'lfment 3l has a beveled face 32 pref erably alining withthe beveled surfaces 22 and 2i when the abutment against the portion 19.Upon the opposite end of the rim base l journal a radially disposed e2(rtern-ally threaded stud 33. The stud may be secured to the end of therim in any suitable manner which will permit of its rotation; forexample, as shown in the present modification, the end of the rim basehas an opening formed therethrough, the metal surrounding which is bentto form a flange 34, so as to give a depth of bearing for the stud. Theend of the stad is journaled in this opening, a bushing 55 of bronzo, orether material which will not rust, preferably being inserted betweenthe end of the stud and the flange. The stud has a collar 36 locatedunder the rim base and is riveted over at 37 on the outside of the rimbase. The inner end of the stud is formed into a hexagonal or othersuitable shape for engagement b a wrench, as indicated at 38. It ispreferale to locate the valve-stem of the tire at this point, althoughthis i not essential. It can be very readily accomplished, however, bymaking the stud 33 tubular and passing the valve stein through thecentral opening 39 in the stud. The valve-stem 40 carries the usual clip41, and is preferably located so close to the split in the rim base thatthis clip`\y will bridge the split 7 therein. The valve-stem dust-cap 42may be advantageously used to carry a dust-cover 43 which will close theentire opening through the wheel felly and exclude dirt from the lockingmechanism. The dust-cap is rotatably mounted in the cover 43 so that thelatter may remain stationary while the cap is screwed upon thevalve-stem. Mounted on the stud 33 is a wedge nut or block 4i.. In theoperation of the device this block is adapted to be held againstrotation in the slot in the wheel telly and be moved and guided radiallyupon tlie stud in one direction or the other, depending upon thedirection of rotation of the stud. This block has a wedge face 45 whichis adapted to engage with the beveled surfaces at either end of the holethrough the wheel telly. lt will be seen thatD when the stud is rotatedto screw the block down below the surl'ace ot the wheel telly, asindicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, it may be rotated into the oppositeposition. It is shown partly rotated in Fig. 2.

ln the operation of this forinof my invention, the tire-carrying rimbeing removed Yfrom the wheel, the rim base is collapsed, its ends beingoverlapped. and one of the endless lianges S is removed. tireI is thenplaced upon the rim base and the llange 8 replaced` and the ends of therim base brought into alinement. The rim base, however, will be held incontracted position owing to the elasticity of the tire. The wedge block4i is then turned to bring its wedge la I." into engagement with thebeveled tace 32 of theabutment 31. The stud 33 is thezi rotated to screwthe Wedge block toward the under-side of the rim base, thus expandingthe latter until the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 5. It Willbe seen that the screwing up of the Wedge-block, in this manner, toexpand the rim, has no tendency to force the ends of the rim base out oialinement, as it draws the end of the rim base carrying the stud 33against the projecting portion of the plate 30. When the lock has beenscrewed up so as to eX- pant. the rim, it holds the same firmly inexpanded position and the tire may be inflated. It preferredfthe tiremay be inflated after the ends of the rim base have been brought intoalinement and before the rim base has been expanded by screwing up theWedgebloek. The rim with the infiated tire thereon may he carried uponthe vehicle as long as may be desired or until an emergency arises, whenit is ready for immediate application to the vehicle wheel. Toaccomplish this, it is slipped over the vehicle Wheel while expanded, asshown in Figs. 4 and 5, the valve-stem, stud 33, block 44 and abut ment31 being button-holed into, tlie opening 18 in the wheel felly. In orderto prevent clrcnmterentlal movement of the end t of the rim carrying theplate 30 upon the wheel, I preferably provide a lug 46 projectinginwardly from the plate and adapted to be received in a recess 47 formedin the i'ellv band. This lug will enter its recess at the saine timethat the stud, wedgeblock and abutment 31 entcr the hole 18. To contractthe rim upon its seat on the felly band, the stud 821 is rotated bymeans of a suitable wrench. so as to draw the wedge block 44 radiallyinward toward the-center of the wheel. Owing to the great pressure ofthe tire exerted in forcing the endless flanges S apart, and thuscausing themV to slide up the outwardly flared port-ions 9 of the sideflanges ot' the rim base, and also to the pressure ol' the tire radiallyinward upon the rim base. the latter is forcibly contracted upon itsseat. ln order to supplement this action. it necessary, and positivelyto lock the rim base upon its seat, so that it cannot expand. e ven it'the tire becomes accidentally dellated, the wedge-block, when it hasbeen moved below the telly, is reversed and then screwed up. This bringsits Wedge face 45 into contact with the inclined faces 23 and 25, whichare fixed with relation to the wheel and thus cause the wedge-block toforce the stud and the end of the rim base which carries the same towardthe abutment 31. The rim base is thus positively contracted andmaintained in such position and is firmly locked upon the` wheel asshown in Fig. 1. The dust-cap and cover are now applied and the wheel isready for use. To remove the rim and tire, the Wedge-block is screweddown by the rotation of the stud, its position is reversed to that shownin dotted lines in Fig. 1, and it is then screwed up until its wedg'efase 45 engages the inclined surfacesQQ, 24 and 32. The wedge-blockslides along these faces, forcing the stud 33 and the end of the rimbase to which it is attached away from the abutment 31 and exthe opening18 in the folly. A duplicate rim carrying an inflated tire may then beapplied to the Wheel in the manner described.

The end walls of the opening 18 are preferably recessed or beveled oft'considerably, as shown, so as to permit the abutment 31 to be madeshort, and so as to have the wedge 44 act as near to the under-side ofthe rim as possible. The leverage of the stud upon its bearing in therim base is thus reduced to a minimum.

The rim having been expanded and removed from the wheel, the partsoccupy the relative positions shown in Fig. In order to remove the tirefrom the rim, the ends of the latter' must be separated so that theylmay be telescoped and one of the Iflanges 8 and the Itire removed. Theends of the rim may be separated in any suit able. manner, as by meansof a screw-driver inserted between the endless flange and the rim base,or by the use of any of the wellknown forms of operating tools adaptedto the purpose. I prefer, however, to take advantage of the presence ofthe movable wedge-block and stud to separate the ends of the rim base.For this purpose, I provide means for temporarily connecting thewedge-block 44 to the abutment 31, so that upon screw-ing down thewedge-block, the end of the rim base to which the plate 30 carrying theabutment is attached will be drawn down out of alinement with theopposite end of the rim base. I have shown in Fig. 5 a simplearrangement for accomplishing this result. As illustrated. the abutment3l has a hole 48 formed therein adapted to rc ,eive one end of ahooknshaped clip 49. Theij other end of the clip 49 enters a socket 50formed in the under-side of the wedge-block 44. It will be seen thatwhen the clip is applied as shown in Fig. 5 it will cause the abutment3l and the end of the rim base to be drawn down when the wedge block 44is screwed down upon the stud 33. thus separating the ends of the rimbase, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5. dien the ends of the rimbase are thus separated it is an easy matter to insert a tool such as ascrew-driver between the rim base and one of the flanges 8 and thus holdthe end 0f the rim base down while the clip 49 is removed. The end ofthe rim base may then readily be pried laterally out of alinexnent withthe opposite end of the rim base and the latter may be collapsedsuilieiently to permit thc endless liange and tire to be removed.

In Figs. 6 to 10, inclusive. I have illustrated a modification of myinvention in which the structure differs in many points from that of themodification shown in Figs. l to 5. inclusive, but in which theoperation is essentially the same. As shown in these figures, the felly60 of the wheel has a folly band (S1 mounted thereon. this felly bandhaving welded into it at one point a rectangular box 6:2 preferablyextending the entire width thereof. This box has a rectangular opening33 extending radially therethrough. The folly has a piece cut out of itto provide a space for this box, the ends of the felly abutting againstits end walls (ill The side walls of of the box complete the felly bandand make the same an endless ring, so that it can be shrunk on thefelly. Thea felly band is preferably provided with annular seats 66 and(S7 of different diameters correspond- .ing to the seats 3 and 4 of thefolly hand 2 above described. (3S is the tire-carrying rim which isshown in this instance for purposes of illustration as comprising aone-piece clencher rim transversely spilt as indicated at 65). The rimpreferably has a rib 70 rolled therein adapted to engage the seat 67 onthe folly bamh and a second and smaller rib 71 rolled near its otherside adapted to overhang the flange at that side of the felly band inorder to prevent lateral movement of the rim. One end of the rim carriesa plate T2. a portion of which projects under the opposite end of therim, the end portion of the plate being bent down to forni an abutment7?). This end of the rim is also preferably provided with a lug 4Gadapted to enter a recess 47 in the telly band. The opposite end of therim has 'ixcd thereto a stud 74 which has an opening 75 therein throughwhich passes the valve-stern 40 of the tirc. and also has an internallyscrmv-threadcd socket 7G formed therein. luto this socket screws acap-screw 77 having a cylindrical neck 78 and an enlarged hexagonal orotherwise suitably shaped head 79. Rotatably mounted upon the neck 78 isa wedge 8l). The latter has a vertical face 81 adapted to engage theside of the stud 74 and has an inclined wedge face 82 adapted to engagethe beveled face 83 of one of the und walls 64 of the box 62 when thewedge is used to contract the rim upon the wheel and to hold itcontracted during the operation of the wheel. lVhen the wedge isreversed its wedge face S2 engages the beveled face 84 formed on theabutment 73, the wedge when screwed up in engagement with this faceserving to expand the rim and hold the same expanded while it is beingapplied to or removed from the wheel. The stud 74 is preferably squarein sectionr` as the flat faces thereof give better support to the wedge80, but this configuration is not essential. A suitable dust-cover 43 ispreferably provided to exclude dirt from the opening 63 through the box.Fig. 6 shows the rim contracted upon the wheel and held in contractedposition by the Wedge SO.

Fig. 7 shows the eap-screw n and the wedge SO screwed down so as topermit the wedge to be reversed, this ligure showing the wedge turnedpartly around. Fig. 9 shows the rim still mounted upon the wheel. thewedge having been forced between the stud Tl and the abutment T3, so asto expand the rim. Fig'. 10 shows the rim removed from the wheel andheld expanded by the wedge.

In l `ig`s- 11 to 1G,l inclusive. 1 have illusA trated anothernimlititmtion et my invention. In :uieordance with this niodilicationthe wheel 'telly 90 has a 'telly band 91 shrunk thereon. the telly bandhaving a box 92 formed as an integral part thereof. 93 is the rim whichis transversely split at 9i and which has attached to one end thereofthe plate 95 having' the bcntover end .tornr ing an abutment 913 adaptedto seat against one ot' the end walls of the box 9i" a stud secured tothe opposite end ot the rim and having a hole therelln'ough for thevalve-stem and a screw-threaded socket 9S. The stud is provided withconvensginler wedge faces 99. into the socket 98 and is provided with acylindrical neck 101 vand with an enlarged hexagonal or otherwisesuitably shaped head 10Q. Mounted on the noch 101 of the stud andsupported by the head 102 is a wedge member 103. The shape et this wedgeniem-A ber is shown in Fie'. 10. it being 'j iov'. 5.a?. with a beveledwedge tace 1071 adapted to engage one of the wedge tac f 11's) on stud.VIt has i pair ot' am 10 which upon the head 10;). et tra, cap-screw andbetween which Sl' les the neel; portion 1.01 of the serew. The ends ofthe arms 105. after the neck ol' the cap-screw has been passed betweenthem7 are perferably bent over slightly, as shoe n in dotted lines inFig. 12. so as to prevent the separation oi' the wedge from thecap-screw. The wedge is preferably formed with a recess therein which isadapted to receive the Cylindrical portion of the stud 9T and thuspermit the wedge to be moved close to the sind This provides acomparatirely lone' travel of the wedge i'aee 101 along a 'wedge 99 ofthe stud, and also a la rg'e area o1' foin tact between said faces. Toexpand the rim7 the wedge 103 is inserted between the abutment 96 andthe adjacent wedge tace 99 of the stud7 as shown in Fig. 13. Uponscrewing up thefcap-screw. it will be seen that the Wedge'i'aec 101slides along the wedge face 99 and forces thel stud 97 away from theabutment 96, thus expanding the rim into the position shown in Fig. 1-1.It will be seen that the arms 105 must have an elongated slot formedbetween them in order to permit the relative movement Whiehitakes placebetween the wedge and cap-screw.y The rim, being in the expanded f bekij-st A cap-screw 100 screws" position shown in Fig. 1i'. is applied tothe wheel as in the torina of my invention already described. ".l'he.tapfserew then screwed ont ot ite` soihet in the `stud 9i' and thewedge inserted between the other beveled face 99 o.'A the stud 9i" andthe adjacent end wall oi' the box 92. 'l'he wedge is then drawn up byscrewing up the rapscrew and forced between the wedge faces 99 and theend of the box` thus contracting the rim and sewing' poeitively to holdit contracted. This position of the parts is illustrated in Fig. 1l.

In Figs. 1i' to 22. inclusive. l have illus*- trated anothernioditicalion o.' nl); invention similar in operation and in somerespects iinilar in structure te the modification last described. inaccordance with this torni ot in v invention. the lellr has a telly bandlll mounted thereon. the :telly band having' `formed as a part thereofthe box 112. 112i is the rim which is ehown as mauprisiingy the base llland the endless. rewrsible lianges 11.3. these parts being' of the samecross section as the base and (langes shown in Figs. L) and 1. Fie'. 1Hshows the l'lann'es 115 placed upon the rim base Vin position to engagea straightsided tire. 'the thing s 115 are endless. whiic the run basel1 is transverstly split :es imiicatell at llt. (')ne end ot' the rimbase lu i plate 1l? aibn-hed thereto. the en-l oi pl brine' bent` flownlo torni au abuir-.nfnt h :uhu/hal to :ana-.leed one ind i t die bex11i. Thr other end o1" the r. curing ,i stlhl lla wn i is firmly rweteda otarw" permanently attached thereto. 'this `tial. which is shown indetail in Fin'. comprises a bod v portion havin; bewled wedge lares andan externally screwahr-.eaded porv tion 121. 1t ini-terably made tubular'to toperinit the valvestem ol the tire to be passed therethrough.ScrewingA on the threaded portion 131 of the stud is a nut 122 having ahexi final or otherwise suitably shaped head 1 and a c vlin-clriealportion or neck lL/l el.j redured diameter. [pon iluinner end ot theneri( is formed a collar ."lidablv and rotatably mounted upon ilax notbetween the collar 125 and the head 1;?3 a wedge member lille. Thelatter of U-shaprd section, the base portion including 1he two arms 12Twhich slide upon the nut A recess 128 is formed in the member for thereception of .the collar The meinber is provided with a pair of wedgefaces 129 which engage one or the other ot the wedge faces 120 upon thestud. The operation of the wedge member 120 in this modification of myinvention is the saine as the operation of the wedge member 103 shown inFigs. 11 to 1U.k Fig. 1T shows the wedge member forced between one ofthe beveled faces 120 and the Vend wall et the -boX 112 and acting; tohold the rim contracted upon -diameters.

the wheel. Fig. 2O shows the wedge member reversed and forced betweenthe abutment 118 on one end of the riinand one of the wedge faces 12()upon the stud 119 upon the other end of the rim, thus holding the rimexpanded. Owing to the shape of the wedge member, it is possible torotate the same from one positi n to the other without entirelywithdrawing it from its opening through the wheel and without entirelyunscrewing the nut 122 from the threaded portion 121 of the stud. Fig.18 shows the wedge member being reversed in this manner.

In Figs. 23 to 2G, inclusive, I have shown another modification of myinvention, in which the operation of the device as a whole is similar tothat of the formsof my invention previously described. The operation ofthe movable wedge member which expands and contracts the rim, however,is different in that such member does not have to be reversed inposition to accomplish the expansion and contraction, but suchoperations are performed simply by a reversal in the direction of-movement of' the wedge member. For purposes of illustration I haveshown thisV modification of my invention as applied to a wheel havingwire spokes 130 and a metallic fixed rim 131. It will be understood,however, that this modification may be applied to a wooden Wheel in amanner similar to that shown in the figures illustrating wooden wheelconstructions, and also that the modifications of my invention which areshown vapplied to wooden wheels are capable of being applied to metallicwheels after the manner illustrated in Figs. 23. to 2G. In theconstruction .here shown the metallic fixed rim 131 is of `channelshapedsection, the flanges 132 and 133 of which are outwardly turned and areof different heights, so as to provide bearing surfaces 134 and 35 ofdifferent The fixed rim 136 seats upon these bearing surfaces andcomprises a rim base 137 transversely split at 138 and carrying theendless reversible tire-retaining flanges 139. It will be understood ofcourse that a fixed rim of any other suitable section, either with orwithout endless flanges, may be substituted for the type of rim shown.The channeled fixed rim 131 has a A hole 140 punched in the bottomthereof, the u metal at the ends of the hole being bent up intothechannel to form abutments 141 and 142. One eiid of the rim base 137carries a plate 143 which extends under the opposite end of the rimbase, the end of the plate being bent down to form an abutment 144.rI`his abutment 144 is adapted to engage the abutment 141 formed on thewheel, and its end is beveled as indicated at 145. The lower portion ofthe abutment 141 is preferably similarly beveled as indicated at .146,The other end of the rim base has rotatably secured to it in anysuitable manner an externally screw-threaded tubular stud 147. T hevalve-stem of the tire is adapted to pass through this stud. IThe m studhas a head 148 shaped for engagement by a wrench. The stud may besecured to the end of the rim base in any suitable man-4 ner, forexample, as illustrated in Fig. l.

I have shown, however, a modified connection between the stud and therim base con-l sisting of' a plate 149 having a recess therein in whichis received a collar 150 formed on the stud. The plate 149 is welded'orpriv'- eted to the under-side ofthe rim base vand clamps the collaragainst the rim base. Screwing upon the stud 147 is a doublei ended nutor wedge-block 151. This block has parallel inclined Wedge faces 152`and formed uponits ends. lThe lWedge acef85 is adapted to engage thebeveled face of the abutment 144. The wedge face,l

able rim is accomplished byfscrewingthe l' wedge block toward theunder-side.offthe95 rim base, thus causing the wedge. face 152.

to slide along the wedge'face 145 and force f the abutment 144 away from4the stud 147.. f

Fig. 25 shows the detachable rim expanded. in this manner` be applied tothe wheel. Vlhen so. applied` Y the. abutment 144 engages the abutment141 and the wedge face 15,3 on the wedgeblock f rests upon the inclinedface 154 of thefabut- 25. The stud 147 isinow rotated to--screw ,a theblock 151 away from the riinbase. .This releases the pressure upon theabutment 144 and permits the rim base to contract. Atm,

the same time the wedge face 153 'slides-.110

along the wedge face 154 and forces the stud 14'? toward the abutment144, thus positively contracting thc detachable rim, E

and when tht` wedge-block reaches thepposition shown in Fig. .9.3,firmly holding the rim contracted upon the wheel. Ihen the parts are inthis position the wheel is ready for operation. It will b seen that theblock 151 substantially fills the opening -140 inv the fixed rim andthus acts to exclude dirt from such opening so that no dust-cover isnecessar \Y for this purpose. Y A simple dust-ca p 155 to protect theend of the valvestem is all that is necessary.

In Figs. 2T and 2-8 I show another modifi- 125 cation of my invention,the operation of which is similar to that of the modification shown inFigs. 23 to 2G. According to this Y form the wheel felly is providedwitha metallic elly band 161 carrying a boxy v on the fixed rim and thelreveledlface of the block engages the beveledface- -i of the abutment142 von the fixed. rim. r9() The rim is nonl7 rea-dy gto" 1-00 ment 142,as shown in dottedllines ini Fig..105

. 25 f .having aY vertical face 176 adapted to enwhich is receivedbetween the adjacent ends of the wooden telly. One end wall 168, of thebox is provided with a beveled face'164 .for a purpose which will behereinafter described. 165 is the rim which is transversely split at166. The rim carries at one end a plate 167, the end of which is bentdown to form the abutment 168, which rests against -the end wall'of thebox when the rim is which has an opening therethrough for the valve-stemof the tire and has an internally screw-threaded socket 170 therein. AAcapscrew 171 screws into this socket, the capscrewhaving a cylindricalneck- 172 and a head 173 suitably shaped for engagement by a wrench.Mounted upon the neck portion 172 of the capscrew and supported by thehead 173 is a double wedge member 174. This member comprises a wedgeportion 175 gage a wall of the stud 169 and having a beveled wedge face177 adapted to engage the beveled face 178 formed upon the abutment 168.The wedge 'member 174 also has a wedge 179 which has a beveled wedgeface 180 preferably substantially parallel to the beveled Wedge face177. This face 180 is adapted to engage the beveled portion 164 of thewall 163 of the box carried by the wheel felly. It will be seen thatscrewing up the cap-screw 171 will cause the wedge. face 177 to engagethe wedge face 178 of the abutment 168 and thus expand the rim. The rimis shown expanded and removed from the wheel in Fig. 28. After theexpanded rim has been applied to the wheel the cap-screw 171 is screwedpartly out of its socket, thus drawingithe wedge member away from therim base. This permits the rim to contract under the pressure of thetire and causes the Wedge face 180 to slide along the wedge face'164,thus supplementing the pressure of the tire'in contracting the rim andalso loclting the rim positively in contracted position. Thissupplemental positive contrac- Ative action of the locking device inthis and the other modifications of my invention is lsometimesimportant, as where a rim has been expanded within a tire and leftstanding for a considerable period, the tire sometimes adheres tightlyor ffreezes to the rim,

so that even When the means holding the rim expanded is released, thetire. will not automatically contract.

By screwing up the wedge means, however, the rim can be positivelycontracted, and as soon as its adhesion t" the tire is broken, it willbe forcibly contracted by the pressure of the "tire, as al- /eadydescribed. This freezing of the ltire to the rim is particularly likelyto have the effect described when the rim is of the onepiece clenchertype without endless flanges, as shown in Fig. 7.

In Figs. 2E) to 35, inclusive, 1 have shown a n'ioditication of myinvention in which one end of the rim carries a movable block whichslides in inclined guides on the wheel, therebyexpanding` andcontracting the rim. As shown in these figures, 190 is the telly uponwhich is mounted the metallic lelly band 191 which has formed as a partthereof the box 192 fitting between the ends ot' the wooden portion ofthe telly. The box has an opening 193 extending therethrough in a radialdirection, the side walls of the box having inclined guide-ways 194formed therein. 195 is the removable tire-carrying rim which comprisesthe endless reversible tire-retaining flanges 196 and the rim base 197,the latter being transversely split, as indicated at 198. `The rim baseshown has a groove 195) formed near one side thereof in which isreceived a. iange 200 formed upon the corresponding side of the f ellyband 191.

Near the other side the rim base has a rib 201 rolled therein whichseats in a channel formed in a flange 202 at the corresponding side ot'the felly band. By this construction, when the rim base is contractedupon the telly band, the rim is positively held against lateraldisplacement in either direction. lt will be understood that a rimsection of any other suitable form may be used if desired. One end ofthe rim base carries a plate 203, the end of which is bent down to forman abutment 204 seating against one end wall of the box 192. This end ofthe rim is anchored against circumferential movement upon the wheel inany suitable manner, as by means of a lug 46 received in a recess 47 inthe elly band. The other end' latter mayv be journaled in the rim basein any suita e manner, for example, the stud shown is/provided with acollar 206 which engages 'the under-side of the rim base, a bushing 207of bronze or other suit-able ma terial being inserted between the studand the walls of the hole in the rim base, and resting upon the collar.The end of the stud is then riveted over as indicated at 208. By usingthe bushing 207 it is possible to rivet the stud down solidlyV upon theSame, the stud and bushing rotating in the hole through the rim base. Ifthe stud were riveted directly to the rim base, it Would not be possibleto rivet the end of the same down tightly, as that would prevent thefree rotation of the stud. Moreover, by using a bushing of bronze orother similar material; the danger of the stud rusting to the rim baseis eliminated. The stud 205 carries a. wedge-block 209 which has lugs210 project'- 7 ways'194, .as shown in Figs. 32 dhd35. T lie-'anchoredend of the rim base. vThe abuting from its sides and sliding inthe guidejways 194. The lugs 210 preferably have Aparallel inclinedguiding. faces 211 which slide between the parallel inclined guidewallsl of the guitle-ivays 194. The wedge-- block 269 also has :ibeveled Wedgiiig surface $112 which is adapted to engage the beveled isalso used to expand the riin 'before-it is applied to the wheel. Theactual expansion and contraction of the rim when on the ulieel nre,'liou'evei, nccojinplislied b ifjtne'eiigngjenientof the lugs 210 intheguide-ways v19t.' Portions of one' of tlie"\valls of each `druide-way.and of the lugs 210 are cut :may :is indicated at 214 :ind 215,'respectively, in order tovpeini'it the lugs to enter and leave theguide-ways when the rini is applied to or removed from the wheel. l

In the operation of my device, the rim while removed from theWlieel-isfcollnpsed sufficientlyr to permit the tire to be placedthere-on, :is has been already described. The ends ofthe i'iiii are thenbrought into alinenient, the rim base. being contracted, :is shown in`Fig. 33. .'llieivedge-block 209 is then screwed up to bring-its face 212into Coiitactwvitli the face 2130i the abutment 20.4, as shown ingtl'iisfigure. Further Screwing up 'of the-Wedge block lwill expand fthe` rim-until the jgiarts. occupy` the f position shown in Fig; 52. The rini isthen applied to the `Wheel, the lugs 210 entering the guideid 205is'tlien-rotnted to draw the'wedgeicl: away from the 'under-side of therim 'ba-se, thus causing the lugs 210 t'o slide in the inclined-gliideWnys 194.- `and thus force the block, stud 205, and the end ofthe lyrim base carrying-the stud toward the end of the rim .basevwhicliis anchored to the Wheel.

'The rim is tlius contracted upon the wheel andlocked iii-the contractedposition shown in Fig. 29. Itv will be seen that in this con-Astruction, as the, block is guided between' parallel guiding surfaces,Asubstantially in line with tliq'st-udv205, the bloc`i "209V cannot tip,and thu'sl there is no tendency to bend the stud. Toremovo the rim fromthe wli'eel, the block is screwed toward the under-side of the'rim base-While beingv still guided in the guide-ways 194, thus forcing the studment 204-and the block 209 may, if desired, be provided withn'iiole 48and a socket 50, respectively, for engagement with a clip 49 of the fermshown in Fig. 5 in order to y drew the ends of the rim. out-"ofalinemeiit,

as shown inthat ligure.

In F`gs; 36 to 40, inclusive,

v As shown in these figures, 220 is the elly havrim base has a plat-etlieend of the plate bein-bent down. to form Aend of the box`22- .has anelongated opening 2746 I have shown `another inodilicetion of myinvention.

ing the felly band 221 mounted thereon, the latter carrying the box 222which sepii'frates the adjacent ends ofthe Wooden poI- .tion of the felly and prox-'es en opening 22,3 extending radially through the Wheel.224- is the tire-carrying rim which in this cX- ample of my invev tionis 'shown .es compris? thing, .i bnses i1221 which interi-oel; bene-:ithe4 'in-v` ivi-.rally hooir il flanges '2-5U formed long the edges otthe rim b.:e. rlhe Vot' the flanges :ire secure-d to rim base oy mea-nsof scre\\-tliiendef.l studs missing through holes in the rim base` undengaged by nuts .nft' other suitable inea-ins may-lie used for dansurpo;-.,. The rim oase seats-et oneY side upon :i ed thin e?) formedzit one' side .itthe: .muy bund, a mail rililififbefiiig formed iii thei'iin hns .idjncein to ',s'iic'nj .fliinge to' i tion. At the otherside, the .rim base is 'provided with n lai-ger `ib which seats upon aseat 2343 of less diameter .thun `thesea't on the fiziii'ge 'ifi-33.formed upon :i flange '.237 projecting latorally from the fellyband. One'end of. the 238 attached thereto,

an nbutmeuti adapted. to sent against one when the rim'is mounted The.other end of the riin bo'v1 Stud or bloc-l; l'

upon the whe-eli base has a 'rhor' fixed thereto, 4. therethrough -r andlie-.ving :insoclret v th re-stein' of; the tire nnemally screw-threadedY l rewing into this socket is n w f2 liiwingV a cylin' diical neck :iniieXiig-onalor otherwise suitably shaped head 244; Mounted on thecap--screw is n wedge-block 245 which therein through which thecap-screw passes. A i'lioinitzoidnl recess 247 is formed in this wedgeblock to permit thel saine to slide'over the stud 2%0.' It will be seenthat the operationpf the Cap-screw forces the Wedge-'block toward oi'draws it away from the'rim base. Owing tov the engaf fementl of theinclined walls of the rbor.. dnl .stud wit'n tli'efirh clined walls oftbe recess in the wedge-block, the latter will be guided in a pathinclined to a rndiusfand thus its movement will have a. crcuinfei'entialcomponent with relation to the rmi.. The ends of the Wedge-block` eo vedovetail-sl'iaped f 'iiucent intel-:il inoveinentofptlie ,rim `.baselupon ihe 'telly band in -one direc-- having an opening slide radiallybetween t'ne abutment 239 tref the opposite end wallofthe box 222, so,tfat I ent-ially with relation to the wheel.

as the block is moved up and'down upon the stud 240, the' end of the rimto which the stud is attached will be moved circumfer- Thus the rim willbe expanded and contracted. Fig. 36 shows the wedge member drawn downand holding the rim positively contracted upon the wheel. Fig. 39 showsthe wedge member -orced toward the underside of the rim base and holdingthe rim expanded. It will be seen that by screwing up the wedge memberinto the position shown in Fig. 239, the rirnmay be expanded whether itis on or off the wheel.

In Figs. 41 to 4:4, inclusive, have shown amodiiication of my 'inventionin which the end of the rim carrying the operating devices remainsstationary, the opposite end of the rim being moved bach and forth tocause the necessary expansion and contraction. As shown in thesefigures, 25! is the telly having the telly band 251 mounted thereon.

The. felly has a radial opening 252 formedI therethrough, the end wallsof the. opening being protected 'by the portions 253 of the elly bandbont down into the opening. 254 is the removable tireecarrylng rim`which may be of any suitable configuration, and which is transverselysplit at 255. One end of the rim base carries the plate 256 whichextends out beneath the other end of the rim, the end of the plate being.bent down to form an abutment 257; The other end of the rim hasjournaled therein a stud v 258 which is externally threaded and providedwith a portion 259 of hexagonal or other suitable configuration adaptedto be engaged by a wrench. rlhe stud may bejournaledfin the end of the.rim in any suitable manner, for example, the portion of the rim aroundthe opening through which the end of the Ystud passes may be offset, asindicated at 260. the end of the stud being provided with a bushing 261oi bronze or other suitable material and rivet-ed. over upon the bushingas indicated at The stud is preferably tubular to permit the valve-stemof the tire to be passed Vtherethrough, although the valve-stem may belocated at some other point in the circumferenceif desired. Thewedgoblock screws upon the Stud the ends of the block being guidedbetween the end walls of the opening through the telly when the rim ismounted upon the -wheel. The block 263 is provided with a beveledWedging face 264 adapted to engage a beveled face 265 formed upon theabutment 257, so that when the Wedge-block Jforced toward the undersideof the rim, it draws said abutment toward the stud 258 and 'thuscontracts the rim. The block is shown holding the rim contracted in Fig.41. The block 263 is provided with a second wedging face 266 adapted tobeveled tace 267 formed upon the abutment` stationary, and when'operated moves the other end of the rim back and forth to cause theexpansion and contraction ofthe rim, de-

pending upon which` of the faces 264 or 266 is brought into engagementwith the abut-I ment.

In Figs. and 461 show another modification ofmy invention'in which theoperation is similar to that of the modification shown in Figs. 41 to44. That is, the end of the rim carrying the operating mechanism remainsstationary, while the opposite end` of the rim is moved back and forthto cause the expansion and contraction of the rim. As shown in Figs. 45and 46, the wheel felly 270 has a felly band 271 mounted thereon,portions of the` latter, 272 and 273, being bent down to protect theend' walls of an opening 274 formed in the felly.. The portion 272 isprovided with a beveled face 275. 276 is the tire-carrying rim which istransverselysplit at 277'. l One end of the 'rim is provided. with theextension portion V278 upon -which rests the opposite end of the rim,the end of the extension portion beingr bent down to form an abutment279. `The end of thev abutment preferably has beveled faces 280 and 281.The opposite end ofthev rim carries a block or stud 282 which has a`screw-threaded socketA 283 therein. IThe' stud preferably has an openingtherethrough for the valve-stem,'althoughthe valve-stemmay be locatedelsewhere if desired.' 284 is. a cap-screw screwing into the socket 283,the cap-screw havinga cylindrical neck portionA 285 and a head286vshaped for engagement by a wrench. Slidably and rotatably mountedupon the neck portion of the cap-screw and supported by the head thereofis a wedge member 287. The latter hasarms 288 embracing the neckp'ortionofthe cap-screw, l the construction being similar 'to thatillustrated in Figs. 1-2 andlG. The Wedge member has beveledwedgingvfaes289 and 290. The end of the stud 282 adjacent to theabutment 279 is provided with a beveled wedge face 291. To expand therim the cap screw is unscrewed sufficiently to permit the wedge memberto slidefrelyback and forth thereon. The point of the wedge member isthen inserted between the nbeveled face 281 of the abutment andthebeveled face 291 ol' the stud 282. Upon screwing. up the capscrcw thewedge member will be forced` be-t tween these beveled faces and willthus eX- pand the rim as shown in Fig. 46. The rim may then be mountedupon the'wheel, the

